My research spans Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), Indian Knowledge Systems (IKS), biofeedback systems, and healthcare technologies. I study mental wellness and stress regulation, focusing on HRV biofeedback and the effects of Indian classical music, such as ragas, on emotional well-being. My work emphasizes integrating IKS principles to enhance user engagement and therapeutic outcomes. I also focus on developing affordable biofeedback systems to make mental wellness technologies more accessible.
Journal articles
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Yashwant Kumar, Shreya Garg, Peeyush Agarwal, Kulbhushan Chand, Arnav Bhavsar, and Varun Dutt, "Affordable ECG Sensing: A Machine Learning-Enhanced Framework for Scalable Human-Machine Interaction in Telehealth," IEEE Sensors Journal (2025), doi:
10.1109/JSEN.2025.3593819The cheap machine learns and understands; draws near its costly kin / The heart's count nears the truth; not yet fully attained -
Kulbhushan Chand, Shilpa Chandra, and Varun Dutt, “Raga Bhairavi in virtual reality reduces stress-related psychophysiological markers,” Scientific Reports (2024), doi:
10.1038/s41598-024-74932-1Bhairavi's notes take root in the eyes; six days slip past / The heart's racing slows; ease settles in the breast -
Kulbhushan Chand, Shilpa Chandra, and Varun Dutt, “A comprehensive evaluation of linear and non-linear HRV parameters between paced breathing and stressful mental state,” Heliyon (2024), doi:
10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32195A wire at the ear tells; what the heart has been keeping / Forty-four stood witness; to what breath, and sums, reveal -
Kulbhushan Chand, and Arun Khosla, “BioNES: A plug-and-play MATLAB-based tool to use NES games for multimodal biofeedback,” SoftwareX (2022), doi:
10.1016/j.softx.2022.101184The code stays untouched; the tool shows the way / Open, and free of cost; the researcher gets their wish -
Kulbhushan Chand, and Arun Khosla, “Efficacy of Using Retro Games in Multimodal Biofeedback Systems for Mental Relaxation,” International Journal of Gaming and Computer-Mediated Simulations (IJGCMS) (2022), doi:
10.4018/IJGCMS.295874The old game turns new; the heart keeps its rhythm / Breath moves through Mario; the mind finds its ease -
Kulbhushan Chand, and Arun Khosla, “MATLAB-Based Real-Time Data Acquisition Tool for Multimodal Biofeedback and Arduino-Based Instruments: Arduino Firmata Data Acquisition (AfDaq),” Journal of Information Technology Research (JITR) (2022), doi:
10.4018/JITR.299922The tool corrects time's stumble; each moment finds its true pace / Free, open, for all who seek it; the work turns simple and clear
Conference papers
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Kulbhushan Chand, and Varun Dutt, “Towards Affordable Biofeedback System for Mental Relaxation,” Mind, Brain, and Consciousness Conference (MBCC) (2025)
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Shilpa Chandra, Kulbhushan Chand, and Varun Dutt, “Impact of Indian Classical Raga in Immersive Environments on Human Psycho-physiological Parameters,” Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (2024), doi:
10.1145/3594806.3596555 -
Akash K Rao, Zoha Fatma, Vishnu K Menon, Arnav Bhavsar, Shubhajit Roy Chowdhury, Sushil Chandra, Varun Dutt, and Kulbhushan Chand, “Prediction of decision-making performance post-longitudinal tDCS administration via EEG features and machine learning,” Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments (2024), doi:
10.1145/3594806.3596579
Posters and Extended-abstracts
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Kulbhushan Chand, Shilpa Chandra, and Varun Dutt, “Raga Bhairavi in virtual reality reduces stress-related psychophysiological markers,” Adani Global Indology Conclave (2025), url:
https://iksindia.org/Adani_Global_Indology_Conclave.php -
Kulbhushan Chand, Shilpa Chandra, and Varun Dutt, “Effects of Relaxed and Stressful Mental States on the Heart Rate Variability Parameters,” Mind, Brain, and Consciousness Conference (MBCC) (2023), url:
https://iksmha.iitmandi.ac.in/mbcc/2023/ProceedingsMBCC_10May.pdf
Book chapters
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Bhavika Jain, Arun Khosla, Kulbhushan Chand, and Kiran Ahuja, “The Pursuit of Zero Food Waste: A Gamified Approach Promoting Avoidance of Dormitory Mess Food Wastage in Educational Institutions,” chap. 13 in Global Initiatives for Waste Reduction and Cutting Food Loss, doi:
10.4018/978-1-5225-7706-5.ch013Games ignite the spark / Students fight to leave a mark / Food waste fades in the dark -
Ayushman Mukherjee, Prachi Goyal, Amandeep Singh, Arun Khosla, Kiran Ahuja, and Kulbhushan Chand, “Pursuit of Research: A Gamified Approach Promoting Research Engagement Among Undergraduate Students,” chap. 6 in Fostering Multiple Levels of Engagement in Higher Education Environments, doi:
10.4018/978-1-5225-7470-5.ch006Engineers stray wide / Dreams of research cast aside / Games can turn the tide -
Ganta Sandeep V. Padmakar, Arun Khosla, Kiran Ahuja, and Kulbhushan Chand, “LearnEasy-Android Application as a Technological Intervention for Children With Dyslexia,” chap. 12 in Emerging Trends in the Diagnosis and Intervention of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, doi:
10.4018/978-1-5225-7004-2.ch012Dyslexia they face / Sound and symbol find their place / Tech brings them to grace -
Deepanshu Setia, Rupinder Singh, Amol Sharma, Arun Khosla, Kiran Ahuja, and Kulbhushan Chand, “Enhancing Tourism and Cultural Experience Through Gamification,” chap. 7 in Positioning and Branding Tourism Destinations for Global Competitiveness, doi:
10.4018/978-1-5225-7253-4.ch007Smartphones in our hands / Stories rise from ancient sands / Tourism expands